This is a representative selection of Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib’s letters. There are many aspects of Ghalib’s Urdu letters that scholars have deliberated on. Ghalib departed from the norm among his peers of writing in Persian, composing many of his letters in an Urdu which was moreover free of the highly ornamental language and long and tortuous salutations and formalities that were also customary. In fact, Ghalib’s letters are specimens of exquisite Urdu prose. At that time, Urdu prose, as distinct from poetry, was beginning to take shape. Ghalib’s letters and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan’s essays are the most important early landmarks in the history of modern Urdu prose. Ghalib’s earliest Urdu letter discovered is dated 1847 and is addressed to Mirza Tafta. His incisive wit and sharp sense of humour make these letters examples of prose humour. Some of his letters carry important information about his own life and works. Letters that debate literary issues are quite large in number. Many of them discuss Urdu orthography and lexicography or give critical opinions about Persian or Urdu literary works.
About the Author
Mirza Ghalib(Urdu: مرزا غالب) bornMirza Asadullah Beg Khan(Urdu/Persian: مرزا اسد اللہ بیگ خان) was a classical Urdu and Persian poet from India during British colonial rule. He used as his pen-nameGhalib(Urdu/Persian: غالب, ġhālib means dominant) andAsad(Urdu/Persian: اسد, Asad means lion. His honour title wasDabir-ul-Mulk, Najm-ud-Daula.During his lifetime the Mughals were eclipsed and finally deposed by the British following the defeat of the Indian Revolt of 1857, events that he wrote of. Most notably, he wrote several ghazals during his life, which have since been interpreted and sung in many different ways by different people. In South Asia, he is considered to be one of the most popular and influential poets of the Urdu language. Ghalib today remains popular not only in India and Pakistan but also amongst diaspora communities around the world.Mirza Ghalib is also known as the last great poet of the Mughal Era.
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